Forming concrete piles



PATENTED FEB. 23, 1904.

P. SHUMAN. POBMING GONGRETB PILES.

APILGATI'ON FILED DEU. 21, 1903.-

NO MODEL.

Patented February 23, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

SHUMN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

,r-Fonnlnme. CONCRETE PILES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 753,008, dated February 23, 1904.

' V Application filed December 21, 1903. Serial No. 186,038. (No model.) l

To a/ZZ whom, it may cou/cern:

. Be it known that I, FRANK SHUMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Forming .Concrete Piles, of which the following isa specification.

My invention consists of a certain improvement in or modificationof that constituting the subject of my Letters Patent No. 733,337, dated July 7, 1903, the object of kmy present invention being to adapt some of the principles of said previously-patented invention to the formation of concrete piles in sand or other soil which offers a high resistance to the displacement caused by driving into it an ordinary solid pile or a tubular pile closed at the bottom. i

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional view illustrating the rst stage in the formation of a concrete pile inaccordance with my .present invention. Fig. 2 illustrates the second stage of said process, and Figs.` 3 and 4 illustrate another method of carrying out the rst stage of the process.

In carrying out the process forming the subject of my patented invention above referred to a hollow pile provided with a detachable point was driven into the ground, so as to form an opening of the desired diameter therein, and the hollow pile was then withdrawn without the point and preferably by a slow or intermittent movement, and during such withdrawal the concrete wask lled into the opening through the pile, theiconcrete being supplied in such quantity relatively toV the rate of withdrawal of the pile that a head of concrete extending some distance above the lower end of the pile was maintained during such withdrawal.

In carrying out my present invention I use in sand or compact soil in place of a solid pile or a tubular pile closed at the bottom a tube open at the bottom, as such a tube can be sunk or driven into the sand or soil with much less displacement of the latter than the closed pile, and hence with a less expenditure of power.

In Fig.,1 of the drawings I have illustrated a method of sinking a tube l vby displacing the sand or soil within the same by means of a waterjet from a pipe 2, secured to the tube, pressure being also exerted upon the top of the tube, if desired, in order to assist the weight of the same in causing it to sink as saidv sand or soil is displaced. The displacing of the sand or soil within the tube by means' of the water-jet'may proceed simultaneously with the sinking of the tube or the tube may first be driven and the sand or soil within the same afterward displaced or removed by means of the water-jet or other means. tube has been sunk to the desired depth, the

jet-pipe may be removed and concrete is then introduced into the tube, and when a suliicient quantity has accumulated in the lower portion of the tube the latter is withdrawn either slowly and continuously or intermittently a little at a time, the supply of conlWhen the crete being continued during such withdrawal,

ground or beneath the water-level the water` can gain no access to the interior of the hollow pile, but will be displaced upwardly as the concrete escapes from the lower end of the pile and into the opening. By this means cavingin of the walls of the opening when theV latter is formed in unstable ground is effectually prevented and the concrete pile when it becomes set isa homogeneous structure possessing all neededstrength.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I h ave shown a tube 3, having a detachable core-tube 4. The'two tubes are driven as a unitV into the ground, so that a core 5, of earth, is packed tightly within the inner tube 4, as shown in Fig. 3. Hence when IOO jected to pressure, so as to compact the same and increase the solidity of the resulting pile. Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. The mode of forming concrete piles which consists in sinking an open-bottomed tube into troducing concrete into the opening through said tube, as the latter is thus Withdrawn, substantially as specified.

3. The mode of forming concrete piles which consists in sinking an open-bottomed tube into vthe ground to the proper depth, removing the earth from the interior of the tube simultaneously with the sinking of the same, introducing concrete into the tube, and withdrawing the tube so that the concrete will pass from its lower end into the opening, substantially as specified.

4. The mode of forming concrete piles which consists in sinking an open-bottomed tube into the ground to the proper depth, removing the earth from the interior of the tube simultaneously with the sinking of the same, slowly or intermittently withdrawing the tube, and introducing concrete into the opening through the tube as thel latter is thus withdrawn, substantially as specified. Y

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two sub- 40 scribing witnesses.

FRANK SHUMAN.

Witnesses:

HENRY NoAR, Jos. H. KLEIN. 

